This dataset is associated with the thesis titled "Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Hyperspectral Imaging and Chemometrics for Quality Control in the Insect Industry." The five Excel files contain IR spectra of edible insects, including black soldier fly larvae, buffalo worm, mealworm, and cricket. Spectra obtained from FTIR, NIRS, and NIR-hyperspectral imaging devices are included. The spectra also come from samples of intact larvae, larvae or insect powder, and insect oil. In addition, the protein, lipid, and fatty acid compositions obtained from the black soldier fly larvae samples are included. Each file included in this dataset is described below: 1) Dataset 1: collects NIR and FTIR spectra of buffalo worm, mealworm, and cricket. The spectra represent pure insect powder samples and adulterated with corn, wheat, and soybean powder. The adulterant concentrations in each sample are included. 2) Dataset 2: collects NIR and FTIR spectra of black soldier fly larvae oil. The spectra represent pure insect oil samples and samples adulterated with canola, sunflower, corn, palm olein, and soybean oil. The adulterant concentrations in each sample are included. 3) Dataset 3: collects NIR spectra of black soldier fly larvae powder samples obtained using two portable spectrometers. The protein and total lipid concentrations are included for each sample. 4) Dataset 4: collects NIR spectra of intact black soldier fly larvae samples obtained using an NIR-hyperspectral imaging system. The protein concentrations are included for each sample. 5) Dataset 5: collects NIR spectra of intact black soldier fly larvae samples obtained using an NIR-hyperspectral imaging system. The lipid and fatty acid concentrations are included for each sample.