This dataset comprises 319 bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) recovered from soil microbial communities on Deception and Livingston Islands in the Antarctic Peninsula. These MAGs represent the phylogenetic diversity and functional potential of microbial life in these extreme polar environments. We also provide raw sequencing data and detailed metadata from the sampled sites, including sampling locations, environmental conditions, and temporal distribution. This dataset is a valuable resource for advancing studies in microbial ecology, evolutionary biology, and Antarctic biotechnology.