This dataset comprises raw data obtained from experimental analyses carried out for the development of Pickering emulsions incorporated with essential oil. The files include data on the zeta potential of biopolymers and formulated emulsions, the rheological properties of the resulting emulsions, as well as droplet size and volume distribution. In addition, the dataset provides information on the microscopic characteristics of the emulsions and microbiological analysis results, aiming to evaluate their potential application as an antifungal agent against Penicillium roqueforti.