This dataset contains data samples of particulate matter concentration collected during four seasons between 2018 and 2019, in five Brazilian cities: three located in the South of the country (Camboriú, Florianópolis and Novo Hamburgo), one in the Southeast (Limeira), and one in the Midwest (Catalão). All samplings were made with High Volume Samplers (HiVol). For PM10 and PM2.5, the HiVols (Energetica®) had a constant flow of 1.13 m³/min, while for TSP the flow varied between 1.1 and 1.7 m³/min. PM10 was sampled in all the cities, while TSP was sampled in Catalão and Limeira and PM2.5 was collected only in Catalão. The meteorological data presented in this dataset are the average temperature (°C), pressure (mmHg), relative humidity (%), (wind speed (km;h), and rainfall (mm). The manual stations are located at these coordinates: (i) Federal Institute Catarinense (Camboriú, 27°0'51.372”S; 48°39'53.924”W); (ii) Federal University of Catalão (Catalão, 18°09'17.3"S; 47°55'38.7"W); (iii) Federal University of Santa Catarina (Florianópolis, 27°36'0.0”S; 48°31'12.0”W); (iv) School of Technology of the University of Campinas (Limeira, 22°33’43’’S; 47°25’23’’W); and (v) Feevale University (Novo Hamburgo, 29°40'12.4"S; 51°07'15.7"W).